VDM® Alloy 36
13Pages

Material Data Sheet No. 7101 April 2018

April 2018 VDM® Alloy 36 2 VDM® Alloy 36 is a binary iron-nickel alloy with a particularly low heat expansion coefficient, whereby the levels of carbon and manganese as well as freedom of impurities are significant. Cold forming also reduces the heat expansion. Artificial aging with gradual heat treatment stabilizes the expansion coefficients in a selected temperature range. VDM® Alloy 36 is characterized by: • an extremely low expansion coefficient between -250 °C (-418 °F) and +200 °C (392 °F) • good ductility and toughness. Standard Material designation K93601 (for pressure vessels)...

April 2018 VDM® Alloy 36 3 Chemical composition Due to technical reasons the alloy may contain additional elements Table 2 - Chemical composition (%) Physical properties Density Melting range Curie temperature Specific Thermal conductivity Electrical heat capa- resistivity Coefficient of thermal expansion Table 3 - Typical physical properties (at low, room and elevated temperatures)

April 2018 VDM® Alloy 36 4 In a dry atmosphere, VDM® Alloy 36 is corrosion-resistant at room temperature. In unfavorable conditions, for example a humid atmosphere, corrosion may occur on the surface.

April 2018 VDM® Alloy 36 5 VDM® Alloy 36 was developed for applications requiring the lowest possible heat expansion. Typical applications are: • Manufacturing, storage and transport of liquefied gases • Components for OLED screens • Measuring and control devices for temperatures below 200 °C (392 °F), e.g. for thermostats • Bushings for screw or rivet joints between various metals • Bi-metal components and thermostatic bi-metals, where VDM® Alloy 36 is the passive component • Forms for the production of carbon-fiber reinforced plastic (CFP), especially for the aerospace industry •...

April 2018 VDM® Alloy 36 6 VDM® Alloy 36 can be easily formed both hot and cold and can also be machined. The workability is comparable to that of austenitic stainless steels. Heating Workpieces must be clean and free of any contaminants before and during heat treatment. Sulfur, phosphorus, lead and other low-melting point metals can cause damage during the heat treatment of VDM® Alloy 36. This type of contamination can also be contained in marking and temperature display paints or pins, and also in lubricating grease, oils, fuels and similar materials. The sulfur content of fuels must be...

Heat treatment The annealing should be performed at temperatures of 820 to 900 °C (1,580-1,652 °F), followed by air cooling. Compared with air cooling, water cooling following annealing results in a lower heat expansion coefficient. However, the resulting microstructure is not stable. Following cold forming of less than 10%, the annealing temperature should not exceed 860 °C (1,580 °F). Stress relief annealing is performed at temperatures of approx. 700 °C (1,292 °F). The lowest heat expansion values at 100 °C (212 °F) are achieved in 3 steps with heat treatment: 1) Approx. 30 minutes of...

Welding information When welding nickel alloys and special stainless steels, the following information should be taken into account: Safety The generally applicable safety recommendations, especially for avoiding dust and smoke exposure must be observed. Workplace A separately located workplace, which is specifically separated from areas in which C-steel is being processed, must be provided. Maximum cleanliness is required, and drafts should be avoided during gas-shielded welding. Auxiliary equipment and clothing Clean fine leather gloves and clean working clothes must be used. Tools and...

April 2018 VDM® Alloy 36 9 Straight butt weld Sheet thickness up to 2 mm Single V-weld \ Sheet! plate thickness 12-25 mm Plate thickness over 25 mm Figure 1 - Seam preparation for welding nickel alloys and special stainless steels Cleaning Cleaning of the base material in the seam area (both sides) and the welding filler (e.g. welding rod) should be carried out using acetone. Welding parameters and influences It must be ensured that work is carried out using targeted heat application and low heat input as listed example. The stringer bead technique is recommended. The interpass temperature...

Welding filler GTAW/GMAW - VDM® FM 36 - material no. 1.3912 - VDM® FM 36 M - material no. 1.3990 Filler materials with optimized welding properties among other things for the MSG welding of thick sheets, e.g. for CFRP mold construction. VDM® FM 36 M is not suitable for use in low-temperature applications. - VDM® FM 36 LT - in accordance with VdTÜV data sheet no. 11218. VDM® FM 36 LT is optimized for applications requiring high ductility and strength at very low temperatures (e.g. in the liquefied natural gas (LNG) range). If the lowest possible heat expansion is not required by the...

April 2018 VDM® Alloy 36 11 Intermediate Welding Shielding gas and final passes speed Mm/(in) Diameter Speed I in (A) U in (V) I in (A) U in (V) (cm/min) Type Rate mm/(in) (m/min) (l/min) 1) Root pass: for all inert gas welding processes, it must be ensured that there is sufficient root protection, for example using Ar 4.6. 2) autom. TIG: the root pass should be welded manually (see manual TIG parameters) 3) Plasma: recommended plasma gas Ar 4.6 / plasma gas quantity 3.0-3.5 l/min Section energy kJ/cm: TIG, manual, mechanical max. ca. 8; plasma max. ca. 10 This information serves as...

April 2018 VDM® Alloy 36 12 VDM® Alloy 36 is available in the following standard semi-finished forms: Sheet Delivery condition: Hot or cold rolled, heat treated, descaled or pickled Condition Thickness Width Length Piece weight Strip Delivery condition: Cold rolled, heat treated, pickled or bright annealed Thickness Width Coil-inside diameter Rolled sheet - separated from the coil - are available in lengths from 250-4,000 mm (9.84 to 157.48 in). Rod Delivery condition: Forged, rolled, drawn, heat treated, oxidized, descaled or pickled, turned, peeled, ground or polished Dimensions* Outside...