Fluid Densitometer

Fluid Densitometer

Fluid Densitometer

Product catalog summary
Features
  • High accuracy across extremes in fuel, temperature, and viscosity.
  • Output available both in-flight and during ground checks.
  • Stable air check output for post-installation diagnostics.
  • Suitable for flowing fuel applications, including ground and inflight refueling systems.
  • Less sensitive to structural input error due to torsional vibration mode.
  • Insensitive to pressure changes.
  • Utilizes piezoelectric crystals instead of fine solenoid coil windings.
Description

The AMETEK fluid densitometer is an advanced version of a military sensor with over 20 years of service. It offers improved accuracy and cost-effectiveness. The sensor uses torsional mode natural frequency to measure density in real-time, providing reliable fuel density readings across typical aircraft fuel tank temperature ranges. It operates in all global aircraft fuels.

The device functions by driving one end of a spring torsionally to resonance using a piezoelectric crystal, while the other end vibrates freely, coupled with the fluid media. Changes in natural frequency, indicative of fluid density, are measured by a second piezoelectric crystal. The primary output is an AC voltage with frequency variations corresponding to density, calculated using a specific equation.

Safety
  • Intrinsically safe design certified for fuel tank operation.
  • Negligible capacitance compared to wire capacitance.
  • Complies with FAR part 25 requirements.
  • Maximum current limited by 2K ohm series resistors on all sensor wires.
Specifications
  • Electrical Characteristics: Voltage: +7 VAC, Amperage: 5 milliamp.
  • Environmental Characteristics: Temperature: -67°F to 185°F (-55°C to 85°C), Accuracy: ±0.4% at -67°F to 140°F (-55°C to 60°C), Viscosity: up to 30 centistokes, Operating Pressure: 0.1 to 1.4 bar, Repeatability: ±0.04%, Long Term Drift: ±0.03% per year.
  • Physical Characteristics: Sensing Weight: 4 oz. (0.11 kg).
  • Other Characteristics: Output signal: 4-20 mA or proportional DC voltage, Integrated digital interface for system integration.
Construction
  • NiSpanC alloy torsional spring.
  • PZT crystal oscillators.
  • Stable ceramic fluid couplers.
  • High temperature solder.
  • Fuel resistant polymer plastic support.
  • Flexible mounting or housing designs available.
System Considerations

The densitometer is used in calculating fuel mass with volumetric fuel quantity measurement inputs, driven by Fuel Quantity Indicating System (FQIS) electronics. AMETEK provides drive and measure circuitry for accurate density measurements in customer system designs.

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Catalog excerpts

Fluid Densitometer-1

Fluid Densitometer DESCRIPTION AMETEK’s new fluid densitometer builds on the legacy of a military sensor which has been in service for over 20 years. The new sensor features several key improvements to make the product more accurate and less expensive. The densitometer uses a torsional mode natural frequency to determine density in real time, providing an accurate and reliable indication of fuel density over the temperature ranges typically encountered in aircraft fuel tank applications. It is designed to operate in all aircraft fuels encountered worldwide. One end of a spring is driven torsionally to resonance using an oscillating electrical signal by a piezoelectric crystal, the other end of the spring is allowed to freely vibrate at its natural frequency. This end is “coupled” with the fluid media and natural frequency changes in response to the fluid density are measured on a second drive piezoelectric crystal. The primary output is an AC voltage having a frequency that varies with density. Density is calculated from the output frequency via the equation: p = a + b/frequency2, where a and b are constants determined during calibration. The standard method of acquiring the frequency in a microprocessor based system is with a timer/counter chip having a two-second gate time insuring high resolution. SAFETY The intrinsically safe design is certified for operation in fuel tanks. - Capacitance is negligible compared to wire capacitance - Meets FAR part 25 requirements - Max current limited by 2K ohm series resistors on all wires to sensor FEATURES S High accuracy over extremes in both fuel, temperature, and viscosity S Output can be provided in flight as well as at ground check ✓ Provides stable air check output for diagnostics after installation S Suitable for use in flowing fuel applications such as ground or inflight refueling systems S Torsional vibration mode less sensitive to structural input error S Insensitive to pressure changes S Piezoelectric crystals used rather than fine solenoid coil windings AMETEK* AEROSPACE

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Fluid Densitometer-2

Fluid Densitometer SPECIFICATIONS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Voltage: +7 VAC Amperage: 5 milliamp ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS Temperature: -67O to 185OF (-55O to 85O C) Accuracy: +0.4% at-67O to 140OF (-55° to 60O C) Viscosity: up to 30 centistokes Operating Pressure: 0.1 to 1.4 bar Repeatability: +0.04% Long Term Drift: +0.03% per year PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Sensing Weight: 4 oz. (.11 kg) OTHER CHARACTERISTICS Output signal: 4-20 mA or proportional DC voltage Integrated digital interface available for fully compensated system intergration CONSTRUCTIONS - NiSpanC alloy torsional spring -...

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*Prices are pre-tax. They exclude delivery charges and customs duties and do not include additional charges for installation or activation options. Prices are indicative only and may vary by country, with changes to the cost of raw materials and exchange rates.